让Perl-CGI运行在Nginx上

Perl-CGI是使用Perl脚本程序为HTTP提供服务的方式，配合高性能，轻量级的Nginx工作会比使用Apache作为Web服务器高效很多，因此本文介绍在Centos5.* 以上版本的生产服务器上怎么让Perl-CGI运行在Nginx上。

Perl是众多脚本语言中的我最喜爱的，简单·高效·强到几乎无所不能，不管是开发GUI·Web·后台服务·临时任务都有良好的模块支持，除了常用的开发，在各Linux平台基本有可以直接运行的环境，因此也是hacker最爱的语言之一，绝对是脚本语言中的王者。

1，安装nginx fcgi

$ yum install nginx  fcgi-perl

如果新服务器没有make gcc等环境需要先安装

$ yum install make automake gcc gcc-c++ 

2创建fastcgi-wrapper.pl 主要用来包裹分发请求到本地perl脚本

vi /usr/bin/fastcgi-wrapper.pl

添加如下内容

#!/usr/bin/perl

use FCGI;
use Socket;
use POSIX qw(setsid);

require 'syscall.ph';

&daemonize;

#this keeps the program alive or something after exec'ing perl scripts
END() { } BEGIN() { }
*CORE::GLOBAL::exit = sub { die "fakeexit\nrc=".shift()."\n"; }; 
eval q{exit}; 
if ($@) { 
exit unless $@ =~ /^fakeexit/; 
};

&main;

sub daemonize() {
chdir '/'                 or die "Can't chdir to /: $!";
defined(my $pid = fork)   or die "Can't fork: $!";
exit if $pid;
setsid                    or die "Can't start a new session: $!";
umask 0;
}

sub main {
    $socket = FCGI::OpenSocket( "127.0.0.1:8999", 10 ); #use IP sockets
    $request = FCGI::Request( \*STDIN, \*STDOUT, \*STDERR, \%req_params, $socket );
    if ($request) { request_loop()};
        FCGI::CloseSocket( $socket );
}

sub request_loop {
    while( $request->Accept() >= 0 ) {

       #processing any STDIN input from WebServer (for CGI-POST actions)
       $stdin_passthrough ='';
       $req_len = 0 + $req_params{'CONTENT_LENGTH'};
       if (($req_params{'REQUEST_METHOD'} eq 'POST') && ($req_len != 0) ){ 
            my $bytes_read = 0;
            while ($bytes_read < $req_len) {
                    my $data = '';
                    my $bytes = read(STDIN, $data, ($req_len - $bytes_read));
                    last if ($bytes == 0 || !defined($bytes));
                    $stdin_passthrough .= $data;
                    $bytes_read += $bytes;
            }
        }

        #running the cgi app
        if ( (-x $req_params{SCRIPT_FILENAME}) &&  #can I execute this?
             (-s $req_params{SCRIPT_FILENAME}) &&  #Is this file empty?
             (-r $req_params{SCRIPT_FILENAME})     #can I read this file?
        ){
    pipe(CHILD_RD, PARENT_WR);
    my $pid = open(KID_TO_READ, "-|");
    unless(defined($pid)) {
        print("Content-type: text/plain\r\n\r\n");
                    print "Error: CGI app returned no output - ";
                    print "Executing $req_params{SCRIPT_FILENAME} failed !\n";
        next;
    }
    if ($pid > 0) {
        close(CHILD_RD);
        print PARENT_WR $stdin_passthrough;
        close(PARENT_WR);

        while(my $s = <KID_TO_READ>) { print $s; }
        close KID_TO_READ;
        waitpid($pid, 0);
    } else {
                foreach $key ( keys %req_params){
                   $ENV{$key} = $req_params{$key};
                }
                # cd to the script's local directory
                if ($req_params{SCRIPT_FILENAME} =~ /^(.*)\/[^\/]+$/) {
                        chdir $1;
                }

        close(PARENT_WR);
        close(STDIN);
        #fcntl(CHILD_RD, F_DUPFD, 0);
        syscall(&SYS_dup2, fileno(CHILD_RD), 0);
        #open(STDIN, "<&CHILD_RD");
        exec($req_params{SCRIPT_FILENAME});
        die("exec failed");
    }
        } 
        else {
            print("Content-type: text/plain\r\n\r\n");
            print "Error: No such CGI app - $req_params{SCRIPT_FILENAME} may not ";
            print "exist or is not executable by this process.\n";
        }

    }
}

3接下来创建服务，以便管理Perl-fastcgi服务

vi /u/etc/rc.d/init.d/perl-fastcgi

添加如下内容

#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx – this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config: /opt/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
# pidfile: /opt/nginx/logs/nginx.pid

# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network

# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0

perlfastcgi="/usr/bin/fastcgi-wrapper.pl"
prog=$(basename perl)

lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/perl-fastcgi

start() {
[ -x $perlfastcgi ] || exit 5
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $perlfastcgi
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
return $retval
}

stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $prog -QUIT
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
return $retval
}

restart() {
stop
start
}

reload() {
echo -n $”Reloading $prog: ”
killproc $nginx -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
}

force_reload() {
restart
}
rh_status() {
status $prog
}

rh_status_q() {
rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}

case "$1" in
start)
    rh_status_q && exit 0
    $1
    ;;
stop)
    rh_status_q || exit 0
    $1
    ;;
restart)
    $1
    ;;
reload)
    rh_status_q || exit 7
    $1
    ;;
force-reload)
    force_reload
    ;;
status)
    rh_status
    ;;
condrestart|try-restart)
    rh_status_q || exit 0
    ;;
*)
    echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload}"
    exit 2
esac

修改以上程序的权限，并启动刚才编辑的perl-fastcgi，添加到服务并设置为默认启动

chmod +x /usr/bin/fastcgi-wrapper.pl
chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/perl-fastcgi
/etc/rc.d/init.d/perl-fastcgi start
chkconfig --add perl-fastcgi
chkconfig perl-fastcgi on

4先简单配置下Nginx服务，增加以下的server

server {
listen   80;
server_name  your.domain.com;
access_log /home/work/logs/your.domain.access.log;
error_log /home/work/logs/your.domain.error.log;

location / {
root   /home/work/www/your_perl_app_location;
index  test.pl;
}

location ~ \.pl$ {
proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
proxy_set_header Host $http_host;

gzip off;
include /etc/nginx/fastcgi_params;
fastcgi_pass  127.0.0.1:8999;
fastcgi_index index.pl;
fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME /home/work/www/your_perl_app_location$fastcgi_script_name;
}
}

重启Nginx使配置生效

/etc/init.d/nginx restart

5最后写个简单测试的pl文件

vi  /home/work/www/your_perl_app_location/test.pl

编辑内容 #!/usr/bin/perl

print "Content-type:text/html\n";
print <<HeadContent;
<html><head><title>Perl-CGI Environment Variables</title></head>
<body>
HeadContent
<p>Hello perl-cgi</p>
foreach $key (sort(keys %ENV)) {
print "$key = $ENV{$key}<br>\n";
}

print "</body></html>";

别忘记修改pl文件的权限

chmod 775 /home/work/www/your_perl_app_location/test.pl

访问your.domain.com看到输出所有的perl环境变量，十分钟收工。

本文地址 让Perl-CGI运行在Nginx上 https://io97.com/post/10004/
本文采用 知识共享署名 4.0 国际许可协议进行许可，欢迎转载内容,并请注明出处。